73 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
basement membrane disease ... deposits - Post-infectious ... hematuria • Signs ... of glomerular disease ... #nephrology #renal
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Red cell casts - Diagnostic ... infection • Hyaline ... Urinary tract infection ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Pulmonary Renal ... life-threatening diseases ... confirm DAH, r/o infection ... or serologies + symptoms ... #management #treatment
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal ... Differential Diagnosis ... for Pulmonary Renal ... allopurinol), Infection ... #nephrology
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
: Secondary to infections ... , Busulfan • Disease ... #differential #diagnosis ... kidney #blood #urine ... #management #treatment
Sarcoidosis 
Non-caseating granulomas (Composed of T-helper & inflammatory cells) 
Clinical:
 • Disease fatal in 10% of
Clinical: • Disease ... exertion • Neurologic ... #Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis ... #Symptoms #Signs ... #Pulmonary
Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
Multi-system autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy and progressive fibrosis of skin and internal organs
3
Multi-system autoimmune disease ... and Symptoms: ... ), PAH (pulmonary ... #rheumatology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
- Differential Diagnosis ... vomiting, auditory symptoms ... • Meniere's Disease ... symptoms/signs, ... nystagmus - Infection
Multiple Myeloma Diagnosis and Management Summary
Clinical Signs:
 • hyperCalcemia 28% (bone demineralization)
 • Renal disease 48%
and Management ... Summary Clinical Signs ... demineralization) • Renal ... disease 48% (light ... #Management #oncology
Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19
 • Neurologic: Headaches, Dizziness, Encephalopathy, Guillain-Barré, Ageusia, Myalgia, Anosmia, Stroke
 • Renal:
of COVID-19 • Neurologic ... Anosmia, Stroke • Renal ... vein thrombosis, Pulmonary ... Extrapulmonary #Diagnosis ... #Signs #Symptoms