28 results
Lactic Acidosis - Classification and Differential Diagnosis
Type A Lactic Acidosis: Inadequate Oxygen Delivery
 • Anaerobic muscular
- Classification ... Type A Lactic Acidosis ... Pancreatitis, Renal ... failure, Short bowel syndrome ... inborn errors of metabolism
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
- Differential Diagnosis ... with short bowel syndrome ... toxicity causes lactic ... ketoacidosis Renal ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... (late) • High Urine ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... (late) • High Urine ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... - RenalUrine ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Hepatorenal Syndrome Diagnosis
 • ↑ in serum Cr of ≥ 0.3mg/dL above baseline
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Diagnosis • ↑ ... significantly improve renal ... #diagnosis #HRS ... #nephrology #criteria
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... ketoacidosis • D-lactic ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... diuretics after renal ... (11-ß HSD type ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Red cell casts - Diagnostic ... Hyaline casts - Any type ... crystals may indicate metabolic ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
impairment of cellular metabolism ... excretion (e.g., urine ... sweat) - its metabolism ... - Compartment syndrome ... #typeb #classification