21 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... concentration can be ... sodium is typically ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
RBC casts in urine ... severe cases may be ... #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
BEE Syndromes - ... Visual or auditory symptoms ... conjunction with symptoms ... and treatment can ... #Syndromes #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
, estimated to be ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... Hypokalemia Metabolic alkalosis ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
BEE Syndromes - ... Visual or auditory symptoms ... conjunction with symptoms ... and treatment can ... #Syndromes #neurology
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
altered 2) You see ... ingestion/exposure Symptoms ... Acidosis, Respiratory Alkalosis ... Resuscitation 2) Urine ... #management #Treatment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... : • Triad of symptoms ... Weakness - Dark urine ... • Other symptoms ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
- Differential Diagnosis ... Diagnosis is primarily ... history, exam, and urine ... DI; high dilute urine ... #nephrology #sodium