7 results
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Proximal RTA (type ... progressive kidney disease ... Potassium-sparing ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
H+ (NAGMA from RTA ... type IV) Cortisol ... Serum DHEAS Diagnosis ... Check sodium, potassium ... #signs #symptoms
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Metabolic acidosis ... • Addison’s disease ... Failure • SLE • Type ... IV RTA • Renal ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Metabolic acidosis ... • Addison’s disease ... Failure • SLE • Type ... IV RTA • Renal ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Renin/Aldosterone, RTA ... Type IV, AI • ... lysis) ± Urine ... Elimination (see Table ... #nephrology #K
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Other symptoms ... of underlying disease ... Monitor potassium ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... • Autoimmune disease ... Renal tubular acidosis ... (RTA)) • Refeeding ... #nephrology #management