6 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Diagnosis Framework ... • Signs of glomerular ... RBC casts → Diagnostic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #causes #urology
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
compromise Clinical Signs ... be present or signs ... Pathophysiology: ... KUB or abdominal ultrasound ... present • UA and Urine
Approach to Microscopic Hematuria 

Microscopic hematuria is often incidental but may be associated with urologic malignancy.
associated with urologic ... properly collected urine ... cystoscopy & renal ultrasound ... #Microscopic #diagnosis ... #management #urology
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Hormonal alterations (result of aging process)
    ->
diet, hormones, urine ... renal injury, Hematuria ... Hyperplasia #Prostate #Pathophysiology ... #Urology #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
filling pushing urine ... Incontinence #Mixed #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Urology #Diagnosis
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
damage: bland urine ... , no hematuria/proteinuria ... Pathophysiology: ... • Bland urine ... Normal kidney ultrasound