33 results
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Tonic-clonic Provoked ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... Eclampsia, Prophyria #Seizures
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
of Secondary / Provoked ... Seizures - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... #Seizures #Neurology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... renal failure #Hypernatremia ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
True Hyponatremia ... Differential Algorithm ... and hypervolemic hyponatremia ... low in euvolemic hyponatremia ... kidney_boy #True #Hyponatremia
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation Algorithm
In addition to edema and urine concentration, always consider urine
Hyponatremia - Differential ... and Evaluation Algorithm ... always consider urine ... when evaluating hyponatremia ... amzn.to/3rEtbK8 #Hyponatremia
Hypo-osmolar Hypotonic HypoNatremia Algorithm (Serum Na+ < 135 meq/L, serum Osm < 275 mosm/kg)
Assess Volume Status,
Hypo-osmolar Hypotonic HypoNatremia ... Algorithm (Serum ... Status, Check Urine ... Na, Urine Osm ... #Hyponatremia
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infantile:
 • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy
 • West
Causes of Pediatric Seizures ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Cataplexy #Seizures ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia
Box A:
 • Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol, Glycine, Contrast media, Maltose
 • Pseudohyponatremia:
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia ... Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia ... 8, Somnolence, Seizures ... Wilkinsonjonny #Hyponatremia ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Osmolarity 2) Urine ... Osmolarity 3) Urine ... Rachel Stern MD #Hyponatremia
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... osmole intake #Hyponatremia