10 results
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
treat underlying cause ... (CHF, cirrhosis ... Pulmonary Diseases, CNS ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... Measure urine osmolality ... include vaptans (HF ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure.

(A) Congestion with volume overload. 

(B) Treatment algorithm after
acute heart failure ... intravenous; SGLT2‐I, sodium–glucose ... ultrafiltration; UO, urine ... Diuretic #Diuresis #CHF ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... isotonic fluids (NS ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... and creatinine (in ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... restriction alone in ... #nephrology
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
promoting passive sodium ... Saline: • If Urine ... bolus of 0.9% NS ... SIADH #Management #hyponatremia ... #nephrology #treatment
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
Treat underlying cause ... promoting passive sodium ... • If Urine osmolality ... SIADH #Management #hyponatremia ... #nephrology #treatment
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Symptoms: • Acute ... or urine culture ... Singh @rav7ks #CNS ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Na delivery): CHF ... reabsorption) Workup ... lysis) ± Urine ... only if no clear cause ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
status and low urine ... the determined cause ... #differential #algorithm ... #management #cardiology ... #heartfailure #chf