17 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
1 . ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Algorithm 1) ... Check Urine Osmolality ... renal mechanism 2) ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... Na >1 is predictive ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... #nephrology
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure.

(A) Congestion with volume overload. 

(B) Treatment algorithm after
intravenous; SGLT2‐I, sodium–glucose ... linked transporter 2 ... ultrafiltration; UO, urine ... #CHF #Algorithm ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Diagnosis Algorithm ... water retention 1) ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... 3) Urine Sodium ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... • Hypovolemia: Diuretics ... Alcohol MH/CCF ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... Step #1 - Consider ... history Step #2 ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hypertonic Saline for Treatment of Hyponatremic Encephalopathy
1) 100 ml bolus of 3% NaCl over 10 min.
Hypertonic Saline ... Encephalopathy 1) ... L in the first 1- ... L. 5) Monitor urine ... of a free water diuresis
Hyponatremia Correction
1. Indications for Hypertonic Saline: seizure, coma, focal findings
   - typically occurs with
1. ... Indications for Hypertonic ... increasing Na ~5mEq 2. ... 3cc/kg/h, loop diuretics ... rate #management #nephrology