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diagnosis differential management hypernatremia treatment cerebral comparison di evaluation hypotonic low pathophysiology physiologic polydipsia primary saltwasting table uricacid
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
1 . ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Algorithm 1) ... Check Urine Osmolality ... renal mechanism 2) ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup Step #1 - Consider the history Step #2 - Assess
Workup Step ... #1 - Consider the ... history Step #2 ... Uglucose Step #3 ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
water retention 1) ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... 3) Urine Sodium ... Low Uric Acid → SIADH ... #nephrology #sodium
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 1) Neurological event 2) Sodium loss from tubules 3) Naturiesis →
Pathophysiology 1) ... Neurological event 2) ... Sodium loss from ... tubules 3) Naturiesis ... #hyponatremia #
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... Na >1 is predictive ... , Renal Sodium loss ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated Step 2:
Step 1: Consider ... elevated Step 2: ... Check Uosm and/or Urine ... Gravity Step 3: ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Hyponatremia Diagnostic Algorithm 1) Check serum osmolality 2) Check urine osmolality 3) ADH Dependent - Check volume status, urine
Algorithm 1) Check ... serum osmolality 2) ... 3) ADH Dependent ... sodium, uric acid ... #nephrology
Primary Polydipsia Definition: Excessive volitional water intake Epidemiology: • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
occurs in only 2- ... Pseudohyponatremia, SIADH ... intoxication Initial Workup ... , Urine Sodium ... diagnosis #management #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
water unavailable 2) ... Osmotic Diuresis ... post-obstructive 3) ... Diabetes Insipidus ... #sodium
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