13 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Workup Step ... #1 - Consider the ... history Step #2 ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Algorithm 1) ... Check Urine Osmolality ... renal mechanism 2) ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
1 . ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... kg • Diabetes Insipidus ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Diagnosis Algorithm ... water retention 1) ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... 3) Urine Sodium ... #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... Na >1 is predictive ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia Diagnostic Algorithm
1) Check serum osmolality
2) Check urine osmolality
3) ADH Dependent - Check volume status, urine
Algorithm 1) Check ... serum osmolality 2) ... volume status, urine ... sodium, uric acid ... #nephrology
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis Algorithm
Tests:
 • Osmolality, Urine AND/OR
 • Osmolality, Serum or Plasma AND
 •
Diabetes Insipidus ... - Diagnosis Algorithm ... Plasma AND • Sodium ... 1-2 hrs post administration ... #nephrology #differential
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... Measure urine osmolality ... #sodium
Primary Polydipsia
Definition: Excessive volitional water intake
Epidemiology:
 • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
occurs in only 2- ... intoxication Initial Workup ... Osm, Serum Sodium ... , Urine Sodium ... diagnosis #management #nephrology