12 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... Check Urine Osmolality ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... Measure urine osmolality ... Treatment: Treatment ... syndrome. 3% saline can ... management #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
It can be easier ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... diagnosis #table #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Hypernatremia - ... history, exam, and urine ... DI; high dilute urine ... hypernatremia can ... management #nephrology #sodium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... Hypomagnesemia • Hypertension ... sodium is typically ... the excretion of sodium ... #Algorithm #nephrology
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
SIADH Treatment ... promoting passive sodium ... Thirst, Nausea, Hypotension ... , Increased urine ... SIADH #Management #hyponatremia
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
cause: • Causes can ... promoting passive sodium ... Saline: • If Urine ... SIADH #Management #hyponatremia ... #nephrology #treatment
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure.

(A) Congestion with volume overload. 

(B) Treatment algorithm after
(B) Treatment algorithm ... diuretic dose can ... intravenous; SGLT2‐I, sodium–glucose ... ultrafiltration; UO, urine ... Diuresis #CHF #Algorithm
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
mononeuritis multiplex WORKUP ... Anti-GBM antibody • Urine ... : UA, Urine protein ... EGPA • ESR and CRP ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... stones caused by Ca2 ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... and euvolemic hyponatremia