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nephrology diagnosis management differential comparison hypernatremia hypotonic hypovolemia lazy low pathophysiology physiologic potomania raas saltwasting table thiazides unaa uricacid workup
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Utilizing Uric Acid ADH ... 2) Urine Osmolarity ... 3) Urine Sodium ... Low Uric Acid → SIADH
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 1) Neurological event 2) Sodium loss from tubules 3) Naturiesis →
Neurological event 2) Sodium ... ) Naturiesis → diuresis ... Hypovolaemia → ADH ... → Increased urine ... diagnosis #nephrology #hyponatremia
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
Repeat the sodium ... volume loss - diuretics ... EUVOLEMIC • SIADH ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Hyponatremia Treatment Algorithm CHF, Cirrhosis - Fluid restriction SIADH - Fluid restriction - Consider salt tablets if etiology
Hyponatremia Treatment ... Algorithm CHF ... Fluid restriction SIADH ... status turns off ADH ... #Treatment #Algorithm
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... restriction alone in SIADH ... , Renal Sodium loss ... Insufficiency, Cerebral
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... OFF (UNa > 30): SIADH ... , Medications (diuretics ... Reset osmostat, Cerebral ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
, urine sodium concentration ... and urine osmolality ... consequence of cerebral ... Measured urine sodium ... #hyponatremia #ADH
A lazy man's classification of hyponatremia There are two possible approaches to the diagnosis of hyponatremia: .
, urine osmolality ... and urinary sodium ... the patient has SIADH ... or cerebral salt ... #Algorithm #Differential
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
majority of cases, ADH ... Measure urine osmolality ... volume status (EABV ... include vaptans (HF ... management #nephrology #sodium
Management of SIADH Treat underlying cause: • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
promoting passive sodium ... Saline: • If Urine ... osmolality < 538 ... antagonists: • Blocks ADH ... #nephrology #treatment
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