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nephrology diagnosis differential management adh evaluation hyperkalemia hypotonic hypovolemia k oncology osmolality physiologic potassium potomania raas table thiazides
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Algorithm UOsm ... Appropriate (↓ EABV ... Inappropriate - Consider: SIADH ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #causes #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated Step 2:
Check Uosm and/or Urine ... status and measure UNa ... tests Step 5: If SIADH ... considered likely, the cause ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... or Ineffective (UNa ... can be high or low
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
stimulated in states of low ... activated in states of low ... Measured urine sodium ... #Hypovolemia #EBV ... #potomania #SIADH
Management of SIADH Treat underlying cause: • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
promoting passive sodium ... Saline: • If Urine ... osmolality < 538 AND UNa ... #Management #hyponatremia ... #nephrology #treatment
SIADH Treatment Options 1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
SIADH Treatment ... Treat underlying cause ... promoting passive sodium ... osmolality < 538 AND UNa ... #Management #hyponatremia
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
• Euvolemia: SIADH ... Alcohol MH/CCF ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
usually caused by ... 3 questions to work ... Measure urine osmolality ... volume status (EABV ... management #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm in Cancer UOsm ≥ 100 mOsm/kg = Urine is inappropriately concentrated for hypotonic
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... in Cancer UOsm ... 100 mOsm/kg = Urine ... inappropriate • SIAD
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Na delivery): CHF ... reabsorption) Workup ... lysis) ± Urine ... Lytes: UNa < 20 ... acidosis) • Low
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