74 results
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... usually caused by ... Then, ask 3 questions ... Measure urine osmolality ... vaptans (HF/liver disease
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypernatremia ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm

Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated
Step 2:
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic ... Evaluation Algorithm ... Check Uosm and/or Urine ... considered likely, the cause ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... treat underlying cause ... Polydipsia - Beer ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... Diagnosis is primarily ... history, exam, and urine ... DI; high dilute urine ... Dehydration: neurologic disease
Hypertonic Saline for Treatment of Hyponatremic Encephalopathy
1) 100 ml bolus of 3% NaCl over 10 min.
Hypertonic Saline for Treatment ... of Hyponatremic ... May repeat until clinical ... sodium should be ... L. 5) Monitor urine
Pathologic / Fragility Fractures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Tumours
 - See Bone Lesions Scheme
Paget's Disease
 -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Tumours ... - See Bone Lesions ... Fractures #Pathologic #MSK ... #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... solute intake (Beer ... #differential #diagnosis
Increased Urinary Frequency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Non-increased urine volume (<2mL/min), Rule out polyuria
Extrinsic to Urinary Tract:
- Differential Diagnosis ... urine volume (< ... Tract Infection (See ... • Diabetes • MS ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... Algorithm Red ... blood cells on urine ... myoglobinuria, beet ... #Algorithm #Causes