8 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
start with a good history ... 3 questions to work ... Measure urine osmolality ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
- Family history ... FHH — check the urine ... FeCa <1 %) - Low ... #differential # ... endocrinology #calcium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... volume-based algorithm Urine ... can be high or low ... #differential # ... #nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
mononeuritis multiplex WORKUP ... : UA, Urine protein ... Goodpasture's cause ... sparing of the lung ... , low grade proteinuria
Travel History - Clues to Infectious Disease Diagnosis in a Traveler 
 • Where did you
Travel History - ... Clues to Infectious ... association • How ... Commercial sex worker ... InfectiousDiseases #Infections #differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
• Family history ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... , calcium-creatinine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential