7 results
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
ADH secretion (SIADH ... hemorrhage) - Pulmonary ... renal failure - Primary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... volume-based algorithm Urine ... , Renal Sodium loss ... water intake (Primary ... differential #diagnosis #table
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Management of SIADH ... include pain, primary ... promoting passive sodium ... Saline: • If Urine ... #Management #hyponatremia
Primary Polydipsia
Definition: Excessive volitional water intake
Epidemiology:
 • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
Pseudohyponatremia, SIADH ... intoxication Initial Workup ... Osm, Serum Sodium ... , Urine Sodium ... Polydipsia #diagnosis #management
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
Treat underlying cause ... Primary lung pathology ... promoting passive sodium ... 0.9% NS • If Urine ... #Management #hyponatremia
Intraoperative Sepsis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Severe sepsis (hypotension persisting after initial fluid challenge of
likely underlying cause ... record hourly urine ... Consider monitoring cardiac ... surgical site, urine ... #Workup
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... Kidney stones caused ... • Bleeding • Cardiac ... #Medications #Table