14 results
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
embolism +++, Heart failure ... left-sided heart valves ... embolism +, Heart failure ... in up to 30% of cases ... dysfunction common, Aortic
Figure. An approach to the diagnostic use of echocardiography (echo). Rx indicates prescription; TEE, transesophageal
echocardiography; and
approach to the diagnostic ... other stigmata of infective ... prosthetic heart valves ... murmur, heart failure ... Transesophageal #Echocardiogram
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
disorders: - Aortic ... regurgitation - Aortic ... High output heart failure ... Trauma • Heart Failure ... • Infective Endocarditis
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Causes of Acute ... • Sepsis • Blood ... Inflammatory disease • Infection ... Urethral stricture/valves ... /phimosis #Diagnosis
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
CA • Involves aortic ... Microbiology: Blood ... New-onset Heart Failure ... • Blood cultures ... Treat underlying cause
Causes of Antibiotic Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Diagnosis:
 • Non-Infectious: Malignant, Autoimmune, Drug-related (NMS, serotonin syndrome,
Causes of Antibiotic ... Failure - Differential ... lines, osteo, endocarditis ... thrombophlebitis), HAP, Blood ... #Antibiotic #Failure
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
Parenchyma: • Infection ... regurgitation, Tricuspid endocarditis ... ), Heart failure ... AVM, Thoracic aortic ... #pulmonary #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... previously stable values ... papilledema, heart failure ... Coarctation of aorta ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
Ovarian CA, involves aortic ... Microbiology: Blood ... New-onset heart failure ... : • Blood cultures ... Treat underlying cause
Endocarditis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
What is it? Inflammation of endocardium, typically secondary to infection of
Endocarditis - Diagnosis ... typically secondary to infection ... of heart valves ... commonly affects Aortic ... ) Major: +Blood