12 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... starts by measuring ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... #hypokalemia ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... previously stable values ... heart failure, neurologic ... Neurologic disorders ... #Hypertension #Workup
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
priapism • Lab values ... sudden death • Lab values ... Elevated uric acid ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... TLS #diagnosis #management
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... - Compartment syndrome ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Management ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... 3 questions to work ... demyelination syndrome ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications
GASTROINTESTINAL
 • Dehydration & inability to digest food -> Constipation
 • Recurrent vomiting exposes
and ulcers • Vagus ... • Boerhaave syndrome ... ELECTROLYTES • Hypokalemic ... ) • Overall: hypokalemia ... hypochloremia, hypernatremia
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Hypotension & Hypovolemia ... Ischemia, Compartment Syndrome ... Beta-Agonists, ↑ work ... PRIS), Valproic Acid ... Bowel Syndrome,
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... • Hyponatremia ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... • Weakness: Starts ... /constipation, hyponatremia ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Inherited (AR) hypokalemic ... Hypocalciuria (spot ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology ... #Hypokalemia