20 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
- Differential ... hypokalemia can be ... filling of bucket (low ... GI loss) - VARUN ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... mannitol, glucosuria Low
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Polydipsia - Beer ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... concentration can be ... the indicated causes ... #nephrology #differential
Evolution of MRI Findings in Stroke

MR images at five subsequent time points in a 67-year-old woman
Evolution of MRI ... it possible to differentiate ... hyperintense at all ... acute scan cannot be ... Interpretation #Findings #Neurology
Mucoid Degeneration of the ACL
Imaging Findings:
 • T2-hyperintense fluid-signal within the enlarged ACL on both the
enlarged with low-signal ... ligament will often be ... Can present with chronic ... Differential Diagnosis ... Radiology #diagnosis #msk
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... solute intake (Beer ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... Euvolemia: SIADH, Beer ... Nephrotic Syndrome, Chronic ... #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Hydroxyapatite Deposition Disease (HADD) - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Ovoid hypointense structures along the bursal surface
Disease (HADD) - MSK ... Case description ... • MRI shows globular ... low-signal on all ... They may be needled
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia is usually caused ... Then, ask 3 questions ... approach to the differential ... correction of chronic ... #sodium