31 results
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
workup 1) Clinical ... hydrocephalus, HIV ... MRI, iADL scale, ... Alzheimer - 1st cause ... (parkinsonian signs
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... similar to PML, but MRI ... Diagnosis: MRI ... etiologies and PML (JC virus ... : The clinical
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... • Bilateral signs ... zoster, West Nile virus ... Herpes simplex virus ... , HIV, Hep A/B/CMV
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Alzheimer’s Disease ... Pathogenesis and Clinical ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia ... #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis
Gout (Gouty Arthritis) - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Eccentric soft-tissue densities surrounding the third proximal interphalangeal
Gouty Arthritis) - MSK ... mass and NO prior signs ... • This case should ... diffuse chondral disease ... #diagnosis #msk
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Brucellosis - Viruses: HIV ... Chikungunya - Herpes virus ... #msk #physicalexam
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Herpes simplex virus ... Varicella-zoster virus ... - West Nile virus ... • Common clinical ... Acute meningeal signs
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
on clinical presentation ... Herpes Simplex Virus ... Imaging: - MRI ... virus • Symptoms ... • JC-virus PCR
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... infections • Herpes virus ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... lesions and clinical
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
, Epstein-Barr virus ... immunodeficiency virus ... (HIV), and Zika ... virus • Other ... the underlying pathophysiology