15 results
Symptoms and Signs of Hypocalcemia
Muscular: Weakness, fatigue, Spasms, cramps
Neurologic: Tetany, Chvostek sign, Trousseau sign, Circumoral and
Symptoms and Signs ... Spasms, cramps Neurologic ... Tetany, Chvostek sign ... , Trousseau sign ... #Signs #diagnosis
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm True ... Bone Fracture Central ... symptoms/signs, ... Glomus Tumors - Vascular
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... /SYMPTOMS: • CENTRAL ... Signs and symptoms
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Peripheral and Central ... Vascular disorders ... Can occur with neck ... signs or symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Algorithm Red ... • Meningeal signs ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... #Algorithm #neurology
Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism - Symptoms and Signs
Hypothyroidism:
 - General - From asymptomatic to myxedema coma, “Like
Hyperthyroidism - Symptoms ... and Signs Hypothyroidism ... Fatigue - Face/Neck ... Amy Chung, MD, MSc ... #Signs #Diagnosis
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
injury, often from vascular ... mimics complete • Central ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
or minutes with vascular ... #Vertigo #diagnosis ... #findings #signs ... #symptoms #comparison ... #neurology
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs ... of CXR congestion
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... • Compensatory muscular ... pathophysiology #causes #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis ... #msk