34 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
— scotty dog sign ... vertebrae • CT ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Intraoperative Circulatory Embolus - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Causes: thrombus, fat, amniotic fluid, air/gas.
Signs: hypotension, tachycardia,
Signs: hypotension ... decreased ETCO2 Symptoms ... removal – consult vascular ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia ... #Management #Workup
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
maintained fever CAUSES ... hyperthermia crisis (late sign ... #Differential #Causes ... #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... tissue damage - CXR ... involvement - CT
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... lumbar spine Signs ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #symptoms #signs
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
is unconscious, signs ... is conscious, symptoms ... consultation with cardiology ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia ... #Management #Workup
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
trabecular thinning -> Avascular ... Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
indicated, start CPR ... • Diagnostic ... examination and vital signs ... Plan definitive management ... #Management #Workup
High Central Neuraxial Block - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Can occur with deliberate or accidental
Symptoms are ... that may mimic signs ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Local Anaesthetic Toxicity - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Signs of severe toxicity:
 • Sudden alteration in
Guidelines for Crises ... Signs of severe ... Start continuous CPR ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup