21 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm True ... vomiting, auditory symptoms ... symptoms/signs, ... Glomus Tumors - Vascular
Pericarditis can be seen on EKG with diffuse ST elevations without reciprocal changes along with diffuse
often follows a URI ... #Acute #Pericarditis ... #Cardiology #Diagnosis ... #Signs #Symptoms
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
• Meningeal signs ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... arteritis • Acute ... #Algorithm #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
injury, often from vascular ... Injury #Syndromes #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... HF → no signs of ... #management #cardiology
Features That Differentiate Acute Pericarditis from Myocardial Ischemia or Infarction and Pulmonary Embolism

In contrast to the
pain, such as MI ... #Pericarditis #Symptoms ... #Signs #Presentation ... #comparison #Table ... #Diagnosis
Medial Meniscus Bucket Handle Tear - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Truncation of the medial meniscus on
Handle Tear - MSK ... The "double PCL sign ... red zone of the vascular ... BucketHandle #Tear #knee #mri ... #diagnosis #msk
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... /symptoms or echo ... heart valves • MRI ... often seen • MRI ... #Endocarditis #comparison
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... • Compensatory muscular ... pathophysiology #causes #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis ... #msk