22 results
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... - Differential Diagnosis ... fracture - Patellar dislocation ... - Giant cell tumor ... #Effusions #causes
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
in Wonderland Syndrome ... parietal lobe • Retina ... (Many causes!) ... (e.g. stroke, tumor ... #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Myelitis, Trauma, Tumor ... poisoning, Scorpion sting ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... Anterior Shoulder Dislocation ... nerve damage resulting ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #neurology #sensory
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... females Differential Diagnosis ... no light-near dissociation ... • Other causes ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney K wasting ... from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Renin secreting tumor ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
• Excessive heating ... maintained fever CAUSES ... Phaeochromocytoma Neurologic ... Anesthesia #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
- Differential Diagnosis ... edema • Lens dislocation ... • Sjögren’s syndrome ... hyperviscosity syndrome ... ophthalmology #causes
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
and Management ... Prevalence: 1-2 cases ... and limb muscles resulting ... #Management #treatment ... #neurology
Posterior Knee Dislocation Injury
Specifically, POSTERIOR KNEE DISLOCATIONS can have significant associated injury that needs unique approach
Posterior Knee Dislocation ... : ~25% cases. ... Neurologic deficit ... Neurologic injuries ... msk #clinical #video