31 results
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)
• At least 3 different P wave morphologies: 
• Rate 100-180
• Irregular 
Etiology
Multifocal Atrial ... • Hypoxia • Pulmonary ... hypertension ... #Multifocal #Atrial ... #Diagnosis #ECG
d-Transposition of the Great Arteries
 • Anatomy
 • Epidemiology
 • Associated Lesions
 • Pathophysiology/Presentation
 • Classic
d-Transposition of the ... • Anatomy • Epidemiology ... • Timing for arterial ... switch • Arterial ... #diagnosis #management
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Pulmonary arterial ... arterial hypertension ... the newborn Pulmonary ... due to left heart ... Classification #Diagnosis
Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Management Principles

General Therapeutic Principles:
Reduce the congestive state 
 - Caution
Principles: Reduce the ... relevant Maintain atrial ... sinus rhythm in atrial ... , pulmonary hypertension ... #Cardiology #HFpEF
Right Heart Catheterization Cheat Sheet: Interpretation of Pressures and Waveforms 
Direct measurements
 ● Central venous pressure
arterial pressure ... contraction in atrial ... in RA pressure (atrial ... systole + passive atrial ... filling in atrial
Differentiating PAH from PVH - Echocardiography
Pulmonary Artery Hypertension (PAH):
 • RV size - Enlarged
 • LA
from right to left ... septum - Bows from left ... Echocardiogram #comparison #diagnosis ... #cardiology #pulmonary ... #arterial #venous
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Summary A defect in arterial ... defect (Type 1) or anatomic ... Microbubbles appear in left ... cycles after right atrial ... passage • Arterial
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
Presence of pulmonary ... arterial hypertension ... lung disease, left ... ventricular size, Right atrial ... #diagnosis #management
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Stroke Volume / Arterial ... of developing atrial ... mmHg developed atrial ... PP and systolic hypertension ... Infarction • Pulmonary
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
- Differential Diagnosis ... Causes - Rule out Left-Sided ... Arterial Hypertension ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology ... #Differential #Diagnosis