20 results
Neuro-OphthaImoIogy - Visual Field Defects - Localization Map
 - Optic Nerve Lesion (Monocular vision loss)
 -
- Visual Field Defects ... - Localization ... Map - Optic Nerve ... sectroanopia) #VisualFieldDefects ... Diagnosis #Anatomy #Causes
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... channel blocking effects ... and AP duration ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
- Protective effects ... shift • Saline Causes ... excretion • Saline May ... Cause Hemodynamic ... #pharmacology #effects
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Vaughan Williams Classification ... channel blocking effects ... and AP duration ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Causes of Lactate ... The most common causes ... - Many other causes ... Causes of elevated ... Causes of Lactate
Causes of Abnormal PT and/or aPTT
Prolonged Prothrombin Time (PT)
1. Acquired deficiency of FVII
Causes of Abnormal ... anticoagulants may ... Supratherapeutic warfarin effect ... Jcortesizaguirr #Abnormal ... aPTT #Prolonged #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
alkalosis - Normal ... mineralocorticoid-like effect ... ) • Normal gap ... acidosis • Anion gap ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Types of Urinary Incontinence
 - Stress Incontinence - The urethral sphincter is weakened so that transient
stronger than normal ... and overcome the normal ... Medications - - Drugs may ... Incontinence #Types #Classification ... #Causes #diagnosis
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Normal kidney ... Exclude other AKI causes ... Classification: ... Norepinephrine may ... essential in all cases
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
mineralocorticoid-like effect ... Normal gap metabolic ... acidosis Anion gap ... In a normal gap ... the indicated causes