22 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Differential Diagnosis ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... (parkinsonian signs ... MNCD #Dementia #Differential ... #Subtypes #Classification ... #Workup #Diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... hematuria • Signs ... castsDiagnostic ... #Hematuria #Differential ... #Diagnosis #causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... Diagnosis Baseline ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... #causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
Shock - Differential ... Diagnosis by Classification ... Subclavian steal syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Classification ... #Table #Causes
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Pathophysiology ... intralobular bile ducts causes ... Signs and Symptoms ... bile ducts Differential ... #workup #hepatology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... and Differential ... Diagnosis Approach ... renal bruit or signs ... #causes #Differential
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
blasts and high WBC ... count cause hyperviscosity ... • Lab values: WBC ... >100k, + lab signs ... #TLS #diagnosis
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Hypertension - Differential ... Diagnosis and Screening ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Screening #Workup ... #table