21 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
- Compatible syndrome ... + MRI lesions + ... #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Algorithm for evaluating multiple ring-enhancing lesions in immunocompetent (HIV negative)

#ringenhancing #lesions #cns #brain #diagnosis #differential #algorithm
ring-enhancing lesions ... ringenhancing #lesions ... #cns #brain #diagnosis ... #differential # ... #neurology
McDonald Criteria for Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
 • 2 or more attacks, 2 or more lesions
attacks, 2 or more lesions ... more attacks, 1 lesion ... • 1 attack, 2 lesions ... • 1 attack, 1 lesion ... Sclerosis #MS #neurology
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
CNS: parietal ... encephalitis) • Brain ... lesions (e.g. stroke ... #diagnosis #neurology ... #differential
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
pulmonary etc) • CNS ... Space occupying lesions ... tumor • Lesions ... Lesions Of The Peripheral ... #Diagnosis #neurology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
• Urogenital Lesions ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... Disease: Lesions ... Behcet disease) Differential ... signs #symptoms #rheumatology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
affecting the Brain ... nervous system (CNS ... lesions and clinical ... #neurology #noninflammatory ... #differential #
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Diagnosis Algorithm ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... Space-occupying brain ... lesionCNS ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
bilateral white matter lesions ... well-defined than PML lesions ... Diagnosis: MRI ... syndrome of HAD ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Imaging: - MRI ... parietal - Size lesions ... Enhancement: multifocal lesions ... punched-out" cystic lesions ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology