14 results
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
Nonalcoholic fatty liver ... heart failure (chronic ... disease (Budd-Chiari syndrome ... #Differential #Hepatology ... #Cirrhosis #Causes
Nail Disorders secondary to Systemic Diseases
Nail Fold Abnormality
 • SLE
 • Scleroderma
 • Dermatomyositis
Koilonychia - Spoon-shaped
discoloration) • Liver ... cirrhosis • Congestive ... discoloration) • Chronic ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Pruritus - Generalized Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Systemic and Primary Causes
== Primary Skin Lesions ==
Macules /
and Primary Causes ... Diabetes Mellitus Liver ... • Cholestatic liver ... Creatinine & BUN: • Chronic ... Myelodisplastic syndrome
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
cirrhosis, chronic ... cirrhosis, chronic ... Kidney stones caused ... cirrhosis, chronic ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Algorithm Vascular Causes ... vein: Budd-chiari syndrome ... > 2 • NASH, Chronic ... hepatitis: < 1 • Cirrhosis ... injury: > 3 • Chronic
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Definition:
 • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
neuropsychiatric symptoms • Caused ... by liver insufficiency ... rule out other causes ... Prevalence: At cirrhosis ... #hepatology
Pruritus - No Primary Skin Lesion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Glucose:
 • Diabetes Mellitus
Liver Function Tests/Enzymes:
Creatinine & BUN: • Chronic ... Myelodisplastic syndrome ... Pruritus #secondary #systemic ... #generalized #dermatology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... lung disease Caused ... with or without cirrhosis ... ) on room air Treatment ... #hepatology
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
Autoimmunity • Chronic ... disease • Liver ... hemolytic anemia) • Systemic ... DDX - Other causes ... hypogammaglobulinemia #immunology #hematology
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Hypocomplementemia • Can cause ... vasculitis: 10%-16% Liver ... primary biliary cirrhosis ... Nephrogenic DI Hematologic ... Adenocarcinoma Treatment