19 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... acidosis: Gl tract ... acidosis: Proximal ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Chloride Algorithm Cl ... Kidney loss of Cl ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
Stroke Mimics - Differential ... MINT Mnemonic • Metabolic ... Encephalopathy with Lactic Acidosis ... Stroke #Mimics #CVA ... MINT #Mnemonic #neurology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... Metabolic acidosis ... sedation, narcotics, CVA ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Potassium-sparing ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... #Acidosis #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... acidosis: Proximal ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... #high #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Excessive vomiting - Metabolic ... acidosis - Cl ... Hypochloremia #Differential ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic ... Pons: ODS #MRI ... Patterns #Toxicology #Metabolic ... Disorders #Clinical #Differential ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Neurology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... #high #nephrology