41 results
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... water retention 1) ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Urine Osmolarity 3) ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Workup Step #1 ... history Step #2 ... Uglucose Step #3 ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Workup Step 1 ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... administration Step 3. ... Workup #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Then, ask 3 questions ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Pathophysiology 1) ... Neurological event 2) ... Sodium loss from ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis #nephrology ... #hyponatremia #
Hypertonic Saline for Treatment of Hyponatremic Encephalopathy
1) 100 ml bolus of 3% NaCl over 10 min.
Encephalopathy 1) ... NaCl over 10 min ... L in the first 1- ... sodium should be ... Saline #Treatment #management
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (CVT) - Management Algorithm
Prognostic score for CVT:
Variables: Malignancy 2, Coma 2, Deep venous
) - Management Algorithm ... 3: Low risk of poor ... outcome. ≥3: High ... Venous #Thrombosis #Management ... #Algorithm #neurology
Hyponatremia Diagnostic Algorithm
1) Check serum osmolality
2) Check urine osmolality
3) ADH Dependent - Check volume status, urine
Algorithm 1) Check ... serum osmolality 2) ... urine osmolality 3) ... status, urine sodium ... nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm 1) ... renal mechanism 2) ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyponatremia Correction
1. Indications for Hypertonic Saline: seizure, coma, focal findings
   - typically occurs with
1. ... increasing Na ~5mEq 2. ... 10-12 mEq/day 3. ... Correction #goal #rate #management ... #nephrology