11 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... ABG And BMP Normal ... ) = {Na - (Cl + ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... #ABG #bloodgas
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hypotension & Hypovolemia ... Anemia, Cardiac Arrest ... Beta-Agonists, ↑ work ... liver Failure, Renal
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
(NAGMA) - Differential ... Framework and Workup ... NAGMA - Chem, ABG ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential ... perfusion - Cardiac arrest ... - Shock - Hypovolemia ... and can act as ... #Elevation #Differential
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
reabsorption) Workup ... (Assess GFR), ±VBG ... 15 suggests ↓ renal ... Ca-gluconate or 1g CaCl ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #differential # ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #differential # ... potassium #high #nephrology
The crusade against “Ab”Normal Saline continues.  This is a non-physiologic fluid that can harm our
crusade against “Ab ... ECF and ICF both work ... Metabolic Acidosis ... the ECF causes Hyperkalemia ... diagnosis #treatment #pharmacology