11 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... history Step #2 ... #Sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... (low intake) 2. ... #Causes #workup ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... renal mechanism 2) ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
SIADH Treatment ... Post-operative phenomenon, Medications ... promoting passive sodium ... #hyponatremia #nephrology ... #treatment
Ascites - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Paracentesis studies: cell count + differential, albumin, protein, culture
 • Serum-ascites-albumin-gradient
: cell count + differential ... cardiac ascites 1) Sodium ... caloric intake 2) ... diuretic-resistant • Medications ... avoid: NSAIDs, ACE
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... approach to the differential ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... , RTA Type IV, AI ... reabsorption) Workup ... : • Calcium 2- ... #potassium #nephrology
There are similarities and differences between these 3 conditions which all carry treatment implications. Each mimic
carry treatment ... hormones that work ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #management ... #treatment #criticalcare
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
circulation: MCA ACA ... Reversible course Differential ... Electrolyte abnormality, Medication ... epilepticus Treatment ... underlying cause • Treatment
Primary Polydipsia
Definition: Excessive volitional water intake
Epidemiology:
 • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
occurs in only 2- ... in one study, all ... diabetes insipidus Differential ... intoxication Initial Workup ... diagnosis #management #nephrology