44 results
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
Diagnosis of ascites ... SAAG ≥ 1.1: - Ascitic ... syndrome, Massive liver ... metastases - Ascitic ... gradient #hepatology #differential
 End Stage Liver Disease (Cirrhosis) - Complications 
 • Ascites
 • Esophageal Varices
 • Hepatic
End Stage Liver ... Complications • Ascites ... Syndrom (HRS) • Liver ... SBP) #ESLD #Liver ... Complications #diagnosis #management
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
Causes of Ascites ... Liver disease ... - Acute fatty liver ... Mediterranean fever ... Causes #diagnosis #differential
Deciphering the SAAG - Serum to Ascites Albumin Gradient
Ascites is either made in the liver sinusoid
SAAG - Serum to Ascites ... Albumin Gradient Ascites ... either made in the liver ... or not by the liver ... Interpretation #Differential
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis) - 80%
Underlying malignancy - 10%
Congestive heart
Ascites - Differential ... Diagnosis Chronic liver ... Chylous <1% #Ascites ... #Differential #
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Acute Fatty Liver ... hepatocytes → Liver ... malaise) → Acute liver ... develops (DIC, ascites ... Transfer to a liver
Causes of Ascites - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Portal Hypertension - Prehepatic:
 • Portal vein thrombosis
 • Splenic
Causes of Ascites ... - Differential ... disease • Acute liver ... amzn.to/2LmUODZ #Ascites ... #Differential #
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
Hypertension - Differential ... of portal HTN: ascites ... portal HTN: • Ascites ... sarcoidosis) • Liver ... metastasis • Fatty liver
Approach to the Hospitalized Patient with Cirrhosis
1) Recognize and Manage Decompensation
 • Ascites
 • Variceal Bleeding
Decompensation • Ascites ... Portosystemic Shunt • Liver ... diagnosis #treatment #management
Upper GI Bleed - Management Algorithm

Upper GI bleed Suspected: Melena, hematemesis, coffee-ground emesis, BRBPR
Initial Stabilization
Concern for
Upper GI Bleed - Management ... Stabilization Concern for Liver ... GAVE (idiopathic, liver ... UGIB #GIBleed #Differential ... #Diagnosis #management