11 results
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Thrombosis - Atherosclerosis, Arterial Dissection, Fibromuscular Dysplasia
 - Large
Causes of Ischemic ... Stroke - Differential ... Atherosclerosis, Arterial ... Valvular • Atrial ... endocarditis
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Paradoxical: Right to Left ... - Most Common Cause ... venous origin of CE material ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left ... atrial myxoma)/ ... #diagnosis #differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... -> TEE • Duke Criteria ... Treat underlying cause
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
Presence of pulmonary arterial ... lung disease, left ... Transthoracic echocardiogram ... ventricular size, Right atrial ... diagnosis Diagnostic criteria
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
Features of Non-Bacterial ... cultures/serology: Serial ... Predilection for left-sided ... in up to 30% of cases ... #comparison #infective
Left Atrial Appendage Myxoma

All that glitters is not gold. All mass in LAA is not clot.
Left Atrial Appendage ... extremely rare case ... #Atrial #Appendage ... LAA #clinical #echocardiogram ... #pocus #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... → TEE • Duke Criteria ... Treat underlying cause ... #Differential #
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Edema (NCPE) - Differential ... capillaries • Criteria ... No evidence of left ... atrial hypertension ... #differential #
Causes of Renal Infarction - Differential Diagnosis
Thrombosis: Spontaneous
 • Atherosclerotic disease of aorta and renal artery
Causes of Renal ... Infarction - Differential ... Cardiac source: Atrial ... mural thrombi: Left ... atrial myxoma or