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Narrow Complex Tachycardias (Simplified)

Irregular Narrow Complex Tachycardia:
 1. Atrial fibrillation
	- Usually the correct answer
 2. Multifocal
retrograde) - AVNRT, AVRT ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Anatomical Differential Diagnosis for Arrhythmias
 • SA node: Sinus bradycardia, Sick Sinus Syndrome (SSS)
 • AV
Syndrome (SSS) • AV ... node: AV re-entrant ... tachycardia (AVRT ... ), AV nodal re-entrant ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neurocardiogenic:
 • Vasovagal
 • Orthostatic Hypotension
 • Autonomic Neuropathy
 • Situational (micturition,
• AVNRT/AVRT ... 2nd/3rd degree AV ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
EKG in Acute Pulmonary Embolism
The sensitivity and specificity for EKG findings in acute PE are low.
EKG
evaluating for other causes ... Changes • STE in aVR
Treatment of Stable Narrow-Complex Tachycardia
Regular Rhythm:
 • Attempt vagal maneuvers
 • Give adenosine 6 milligrams IV
Probably AVnRT or AVRT ... Control rate with AV ... Treat underlying cause ... Treat underlying cause
Arrhythmias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Bradyarrhythmia (<60 bpm)
 • Sinus Bradycardia
 • Sick Sinus Syndrome
 • SA
• SA Block • AV ... AVNRT • AVRT ... with Variable AV ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of ST Segment Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Framework

STEMI:
 • Upsloping convex STE: "Pardee's sign" +
Causes of ST Segment ... depression in aVR ... , not in aVL • ... depression in aVR ... voltage Other Causes
Limb Lead Reversal
In order to understand why the leads look the way they do, we must
As for the aVL/aVF ... remember that aVL ... /aVF/aVR are all ... Einthovens #Triangle #aVL ... #aVR #aVF
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
twitching CARDIAC CAUSES ... • Bradycardia caused ... Nonarrhythmic Cardiac Causes ... NON-CARDIAC CAUSES ... : SVT-AVNRT or AVRT
Lead AVR on ECG
1. Acute myocardial infarction: ST elevation > 1.5 mm in aVR, indicative of
Lead AVR on ECG ... elevation > 1.5 mm in aVR ... refractory to • aVR ... PR elevation in aVR ... PR elevation in aVR