12 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... turnover • Iron, B-12 ... , or folate deficiency ... Decrease #Diagnosis #DM2 ... #Differential
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
the most likely cause ... recovery also causes ... an elevation in ... of the initial work-up ... deficiency.
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
include: • ST elevation ... ECG as soon as ... calcium. ❽ Treat anaemia ... persistent ST elevation ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Hypotension - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Hypotension is commonly due to unnecessarily deep anaesthesia, the autonomic
intrathoracic pressure as ... rhythm, treat as ... ischaemia → 3-12 ... #Hypotension #Differential ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
Crohn's > UC Anemia ... Receptor (sTfR) to differentiate ... restricted diet/deficiency ... report dehydration as ... /other causes
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Elevation, Lactic ... Acidosis - Differential ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... effect - Thiamine deficiency ... #Differential #
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Leg Pain - Differential ... • Neuropathy (DM ... , Vit B12, B6, Cu ... deficiency etc) ... #Leg #pain #differential
TTP - Laboratory Evaluation for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease activity - A
result in severe anemia ... Haptoglobin - Low as ... Mild-to-moderate elevation ... WBC count and differential ... ThromboticThrombocytopenicPurpura #Diagnosis #Workup
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... Nutritional: vitamin B12 ... or folic acid deficiency ... Workup: • Complete ... blood count with differential
Medical Conditions Causing Mania or Mania-Like Episodes: Pathogenesis
 • Bipolar Disorder -> Combination of individual, genetic,
deficiency -> Lack ... of B12 as a cofactor ... Incresed Dopamine D2 ... Manic #Secondary #Causes ... #Differential #