23 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Vitamins: • Thiamine ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
(Thiamine) Deficiency ... treatment can improve symptoms ... (chronic B1 deficiency ... #Thiamine #Deficiency ... Diagnosis #Management #neurology
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
- Thiamine Deficiency ... (vitamin B1) deficiency ... and retrograde amnesia ... thiamine #deficiency ... diagnosis #comparison #neurology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine (B1) Deficiency 
Clinical Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 out of 4):
Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine ... (B1) Deficiency ... Clinical Diagnosis ... #B1 #Deficiency ... diagnosis #criteria #neurology
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 • Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 • Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
Clinical Findings ... • Anterograde amnesia ... presentation of Thiamine ... deficiency, consequent ... #neurology #diagnosis
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Clinical Presentation ... , GATA2 deficiency ... , CTLA4 deficiency ... - Parvovirus B19 ... • Improve the symptoms
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
may cause severe clinical ... (thiamine) Late ... overload) Other Symptoms ... • Vitamin D deficiency ... arrhythmias • Thiamine
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
) Deficiency Etiology ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... to manifest its symptoms ... , alcohol use, symptoms ... #Cobalamin #Deficiency
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Administration of inulin, B2 ... 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency ... Loop diuretics, Thiazide ... diuretics, Mg2+ deficiency ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
fatigue despite clinical ... , Anemia • Prevalence ... Crohn's > UC Anemia ... restricted diet/deficiency ... symptoms even if