10 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... • Thiamine B1 ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
thiamine (vitamin B1 ... ataxia (broad-based gait ... #vitaminB1 #B1 # ... #diagnosis #comparison ... #neurology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... • Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... respiratory failure • Neurologic ... ) - Waddling gait
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Motor Nerves: ALS ... aminoglycosides) • Muscles: Acid ... maltase deficiency ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... - Differential Diagnosis ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Renal failure (uremia ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
fatigue despite clinical ... ACD • Monitor & ... restricted diet/deficiency ... /other causes • ... IBD #Algorithm #diagnosis
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
malignancy, or thiamine deficiency ... - Compartment syndrome ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... Nonhypoxic • Type B1 ... effect - Thiamine deficiency
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
involve one, two, or all ... Nutritional: vitamin B12 ... or folic acid deficiency ... treatments • Copper deficiency ... #diagnosis #hematology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
neurological lesion: Clinical ... • Symptoms and signs ... of injury • Gait ... myelopathy - Vit B12 ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome
Evaluation of Recurrent Falls

Core Concept:
Maintaining an upright posture requires the integrated function of multiple systems.
Disruption in
embolism - Severe anemia ... e.g., diabetic, B12 ... deficiency) ... positive Romberg sign ... Recurrent #Falls #Diagnosis