12 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... turnover • Iron, B-12 ... , or folate deficiency ... • Hemolytic anemia ... • End-stage renal
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin ... • Common Causes ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... parasthesias, gait ... #Cobalamin #Deficiency
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
• Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... respiratory failure • Neurologic ... ) - Waddling gait
The Inhibited Pathway caused by N2O, leading to a decrease in the active form of Vitamin
Inhibited Pathway caused ... deficiency. ... The classic clinical ... of pernicious anemia ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Elevation, Lactic ... malignancy, or thiamine deficiency ... Elevation Type ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... effect - Thiamine deficiency
Creatine Kinase - Causes of Elevated CK Levels
Acute CK Elevation (Pain > Weakness):
 • RHABDOMYOLYSIS
Creatine Kinase - Causes ... Levels Acute CK Elevation ... immobility • Critical ... infarction, Acute renal ... - Vit D/E deficiency
Anemia of Hospitalization - Pathophysiology

Why does the Hgb/Hct drop in the first two days during hospitalization?

Interestingly,
- Pathophysiology ... the Journal of Clinical ... Iron, folic acid, cobalamine ... of renal disease ... #pathophysiology
Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) - ICU One Pager Summary
Indications (AIEOU):
 • A: Acidosis (usually severe metabolic)
Renal Replacement ... Dialyzer is rigid case ... (Sustained low efficiency ... daily dialysis): ~12 ... RRT #managment #nephrology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... Transverse Myelitis - Clinical ... • Infectious causes ... • Nutritional Deficiency ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
and pernicious anemia ... Person Syndrome Pathophysiology ... Clinical Manifestations ... • Wide based gait ... Management #treatment #neurology