13 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... States Fat-soluble ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... differential #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #nutrition
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
) Deficiency Etiology ... • Common Causes ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... to IBD, celiac disease ... malabsorptive state
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
fatigue despite clinical ... restricted diet/deficiency ... symptoms even if ... fatigue despite disease ... /other causes
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
presentations and disease ... states one of which ... malignancy, or thiamine deficiency ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... effect - Thiamine deficiency
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
Pathogenesis and clinical ... • Inflammatory Disease ... retinal edema caused ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Malnutrition • Wilson's disease ... • Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... mineralization Symptoms ... Phosphatase: • Other causes
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... mellitus, thyroid disease ... a stroke that caused ... pathophysiology #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #stages
The Stages of Syphilis 

Primary Syphilis 
- The chancre lesion is the hallmark of primary syphilis.
soles in 50% of cases ... exposure to or symptoms ... similar to those of B12 ... deficiency. ... of Infectious Diseases
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
neurological lesion: Clinical ... and signs below ... hypercoagulable states ... myelopathy - Vit B12 ... Sarcoidosis, Behcet disease
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... HIV) - Vitamin B12 ... , Copper deficiency ... Lower motor neuron symptoms ... Etiology: - Tabes