20 results
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Cobalamin
Decreased Intake
Pancreas: Insufficiency
Intestine: SIBO, Celiac disease, IBD, Lymphoma, Amyloidosis, Resection,
Causes of Vitamin ... B12 Deficiency ... Stomach: Pernicious anemia ... #Deficiency #Cobalamin ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
Causes of Low Vitamin ... B12 Levels Low ... vitamin B12 intake ... #low #cobalamin ... #differential #diagnosis
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin ... • Common Causes ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... #Cobalamin #Deficiency ... #nutrition
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... #differential #diagnosis ... signs #symptoms #nutrition
Causes of Neutropenia with Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Sequestration:
 • Splenomegaly
Marrow Infiltration:
 • Hematologic and non-hematologic
Causes of Neutropenia ... Toxins • Aplastic Anemia ... Myelodysplasia Nutritional ... deficiency: • ... B12/folate/combined
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
the most likely cause ... recovery also causes ... of the initial work-up ... deficiency. ... #Diagnosis #Macrocytosis
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
• Metabolic / Nutritional ... : DiabetesB12 deficiency ... , Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #neurology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
e.g AEIOU ) or anuria ... creatinine (in 12 ... you confirmed diagnosis ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
1) Clinical diagnosis ... Whipple, vitamin deficiency ... Alzheimer - 1st cause ... - Progressive amnesia ... Dementia - 2nd cause
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
fatigue despite clinical ... Crohn's > UC Anemia ... restricted diet/deficiency ... /other causes • ... IBD #Algorithm #diagnosis