8 results
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
• Drugs Oval Macrocytes ... • Dietary Deficiency ... - Low Serum B12 ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... and Folate Deficiency
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Approach - MCV) Low ... " • Iron deficiency ... MCV - >96fL - "Macrocytic ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... Myelodysplastic syndrome
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... #Vitamins #Deficiency ... signs #symptoms #nutrition
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Low Alkaline Phosphatase ... Of Clinical Importance ... • Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... respiratory failure • Neurologic
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
) Deficiency Etiology ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... : • Worsening macrocytic ... #Cobalamin #Deficiency ... diagnosis #management #nutrition
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... common cytopenia: Macrocytic ... Platelet Disorders • Nutritional ... : vitamin B12 or ... Workup: • Complete
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Clinical Presentation ... , GATA2 deficiency ... , CTLA4 deficiency ... - Parvovirus B19 ... may result from low
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
malignancy, or thiamine deficiency ... LV failure - Low ... - Compartment syndrome ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... effect - Thiamine deficiency