15 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Deficiency States ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... B12 - Anaemia, ... signs #symptoms #nutrition
Micronutrient Deficiencies After Gastric Bypass
Fat-Soluble Vitamins:
 • Vitamin A - Night/complete blindness, xeropthalmia (pathologic dryness of
ataxia), Korsakoff syndrome ... cardiomyopathy) • Folate - Macrocytic ... anemiaVitamin ... B12 - Macrocytic ... #nutrition #table
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
" • Iron deficiency ... MCV - >96fL - "Macrocytic ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin ... B12 deficiency, ... Myelodysplastic syndrome
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
evaluation of macrocytic ... of the initial work-up ... B12 deficiency ... deficiency. ... #Macrocytosis #Macrocytic
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
• Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis Nutritional ... consumption • Vitamin ... B12 • Folate deficiency
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
longstanding thiamine (vitamin ... B1) deficiency, ... and retrograde amnesia ... #vitaminB1 #B1 # ... diagnosis #comparison #neurology
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin ... ) Deficiency Etiology ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... : • Worsening macrocytic ... #management #nutrition
The Inhibited Pathway caused by N2O, leading to a decrease in the active form of Vitamin
- Vitamin B12 ... N2O can cause a syndrome ... B12 deficiency. ... The classic clinical ... of pernicious anemia
Etiologies of Vitamin B12 Deficiency
 • Inadequate intake - Rare but seen in very strict vegans
B12 Deficiency ... B12 deficiency. ... B12 deficiency. ... autoantibodies (pernicious anemia ... diagnosis #hematology #nutrition
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... common cytopenia: Macrocytic ... Platelet Disorders • Nutritional ... : vitamin B12 or ... Workup: • Complete