121 results
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
group of disorders caused ... formed or don’t work ... age 70 years Symptoms ... Nutritional: vitamin B12 ... Workup: • Complete
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
of macrocytic anemia ... the most likely cause ... recovery also causes ... of the initial work-up ... Homocysteine #Algorithm #Workup
Anemia - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
 - History, Physical Exam, Labs
 - Microcytic
 - Normocytic
 -
Anemia - Workup ... - Hemolytic #Anemia ... #Workup #Differential ... #Diagnosis #causes
Anemia - Underproduction Diagnostic Algorithm
 - Iron deficiency anemia
 - Anemia of chronic inflammation
 - Anemia
Anemia - Underproduction ... Iron deficiency anemia ... - Anemia of chronic ... disease - Vitamin B12 ... #differential #workup
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
Algorithm and Causes ... breakdown • Anaemia ... Hemolysis #Hemolytic #Anemia ... #Differential #Causes ... #Workup #Hematology
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
E - Haemolytic anaemia ... • Thiamine B1 ... • Riboflavin B2 ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Approach to Hypoproliferative Macrocytic Anemia

 • 812, Folate Deficiency
 • MDS+
 • Hypothyroid
 • Liver Disease
Hypoproliferative Macrocytic Anemia ... • 812, Folate ... #Macrocytic #Anemia ... algorithm #hematology #workup
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Cobalamin
Decreased Intake
Pancreas: Insufficiency
Intestine: SIBO, Celiac disease, IBD, Lymphoma, Amyloidosis, Resection,
Causes of Vitamin ... B12 Deficiency ... Stomach: Pernicious anemia ... pylori infection, B12 ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... - Low Serum B12 ... - Low Serum B12 ... • Rule out B12 ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Poisoning • Anemia ... Marrow Failure • Anemia ... (>100 fL) • B12 ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes