13 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
cancer, HIV, or lyme ... • Meningeal signs ... Systemic symptoms and signs ... infection (e.g. ... , meningitis)
Lyme Disease: Early and Late Clinical manifestations
Stage 1. Localized
 • EM appears 7-14 days at the
myalgia, arthralgia, headache ... SSX (lymphocytic meningitis ... , CN palsies, radiculopathy ... #Disease #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... opening pressure Lyme ... Acute meningeal signs ... Singh @rav7ks #CNS ... #diagnosis #neurology
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential Diagnosis ... photophobia • Meningitis ... meningeal irritation signs ... • CNS Vasculitis ... ophthalmology #Neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... endocrine: Vitamin B12 ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... - Pyomyositis, Lyme ... #neurology
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
Dangerous Causes of Headache ... hypertension - CNS ... thrombophilia, neurologic ... signs/symptoms ... postpartum #Diagnosis
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
aneurysm) • Infection ... (e.g., meningitis ... N Neurological signs ... confusion, focal signs ... #Diagnosis
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... lesions, aseptic meningitis ... (headache and diplopia ... oral ulcers in 12 ... #management #signs
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
cough, chills, headache ... duration is 6 to 12 ... especially the CNS ... MC: CNS CSF: • ... (~40%) • Meningitis
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... • Bilateral signs ... Check Vitamin B12 ... Treponema Pallidum - Lyme ... #management #neurology