19 results
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
Diagnosis of ascites ... protein ≤ 2.5 g/dL: Cirrhosis ... syndrome SAAG < 1.1: Biliary ... albumin #gradient #hepatology ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis) - 80%
Underlying malignancy - 10%
Congestive heart
Ascites - Differential ... Chronic liver disease ... (cirrhosis or chronic ... Failure, Pancreatic, Biliary ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Causes of Ascites - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Portal Hypertension - Prehepatic:
 • Portal vein thrombosis
 • Splenic
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Hepatic: • Cirrhosis ... • Infiltrative disease ... failure • Primary biliary ... #Hepatology #causes
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
Symptoms: Fatigue, Pruritus, Right upper quadrant discomfort
Signs: Jaundice, Xanthelasmata, Hepatomegaly
Associated history:
Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis - Diagnosis ... Algorithm Symptoms ... of autoimmune disease ... #Algorithm #hepatology
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
of portal HTN: ascites ... portal HTN: • Ascites ... pregnancy • Primary biliary ... Veno-occlusive disease ... Diagnosis #causes #hepatology
Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis
The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx
common causes: cirrhosis ... one cause (e.g. cirrhosis ... of underlying disease ... concentration (bowel or biliary ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Hepatomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Malignant
 • Primary Carcinoma
 • Metastases
 • Lymphoma
 • Leukemia
 • Polycythemia
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hemochromatosis • Wilson's Disease ... Cholangitis • Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis #Hepatomegaly ... #Causes #Hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Cholestatic disease ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... Duct Stone • Biliary ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
>1.1 g/dl): - Cirrhosis ... Veno-occlusive disease ... Tuberculosis - Biliary ... cirrhosis - Nephrotic ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm ... non-essential drug/HDS treatments ... Alcohol-related liver disease ... disorder (e.g. ascites ... #hepatology