7946 results
Bilirubin Metabolism - Pathophysiology
 • Conjugated Bilirubin
 • Unconjugated Bilirubin

By Dr. Khushboo Gala @LouLectures

#Bilirubin #Metabolism #Pathophysiology
Bilirubin Metabolism ... • Conjugated Bilirubin ... • Unconjugated Bilirubin ... LouLectures #Bilirubin ... Pathophysiology #hepatology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
fever syndromes Clinical ... Fever is the main clinical ... ↑ AST ↑ ALT ↑ bilirubin ... Diagnosis #Management #Hematology ... #Rheumatology
Biochemistry and Metabolism of Bilirubin
Hemolysis → Hemoglobin → Heme → Biliverdin → Unconjugated Bilirubin (a.k.a. "indirect
Metabolism of Bilirubin ... → Unconjugated Bilirubin ... "indirect bilirubin ... interchangeably for routine clinical ... pathophysiology #hepatology
Laboratory Testing in Hemolytic Anemia

Intravascular vs Extravascular Hemolysis
Reticulocytes
Unconjugated bilirubin
LDH
Peripheral smear
Haptoglobin
Urine hemosiderin
Urine hemoglobin
Carboxyhemoglobin

#Hemolytic #Anemia #Laboratory #Testing #workup
Unconjugated bilirubin ... workup #diagnosis #hematology
Inherited Non-hemolytic Disorders of Hyperbilirubinemia 

== Disorders of Conjugation ==
Gilbert Syndrome:
 • 5-10% of the population
as jaundice on clinical ... birth with serum bilirubin ... associated with bilirubin ... in conjugated bilirubin ... #hepatology #diagnosis
Bilirubin Crystals on Urine Microscopy

Dr. Telma Lemos @TELMALEMOS10

#Bilirubin #Crystals #crystalluria #Urine #Microscopy #trichomoniasis #clinical
Bilirubin Crystals ... TELMALEMOS10 #Bilirubin ... trichomoniasis #clinical
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
Phosphatase and Bilirubin ... initial insult Bilirubin ... transports conjugated bilirubin ... ASTALT #AlkPhos #Bilirubin ... #Hepatology #Pathophysiology
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
Increased Serum bilirubin ... Causes #Workup #Hematology
Liver Disease in Pregnancy
Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP)
 • Onset/Trimester: 25-32 weeks
 • Typical clinical features:
weeks • Typical clinical ... fold elevation, Bilirubin ... fold elevation, Bilirubin ... but variable ++, Bilirubin ... Disease #Pregnancy #hepatology
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
/ unconjugated bilirubin ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology