62 results
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
genes coding for bile ... miscellaneous causes ... mononucleosis, cholangitis ... duct, sclerosing cholangitis ... #differential #causes
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Intestine - Other causes ... Cholangitis (PBC ... PSC - Other biliary ... diseases/Bile duct
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... ducts causes cholestasis ... No extrahepatic biliary ... sclerosis group cholangitis ... Cirrhosis #PBC #cholangitis
Hepatomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Malignant
 • Primary Carcinoma
 • Metastases
 • Lymphoma
 • Leukemia
 • Polycythemia
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Bacterial Cholangitis ... Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis ... • Primary Biliary ... #Causes #Hepatology
Causes of Severe Acute Liver Injury
 - Ichemic hepatitis
 - Acute biliary obstruction
 - Drug-Induced liver
Causes of Severe ... hepatitis - Acute biliary ... Hemochromatosis - Primary biliary ... cholangitis ... Severe #Acute #Causes
Jaundice - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pre-Hepatic - Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Increased Production
 • Hemolysis
 • Ineffective Erythropoiesis
 • Hematoma
Decreased
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... on Ultrasound Biliary ... Gallstones • Biliary ... Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis ... #Causes #Hepatology
Causes of Ascites - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Portal Hypertension - Prehepatic:
 • Portal vein thrombosis
 • Splenic
Causes of Ascites ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... failure • Primary biliary ... cholangitis • ... #Hepatology #causes
Right Upper Quadrant Pain
Liver:
 - Infectious: Acute viral hepatitis, Liver abscess
 - Non-infectious: hepatitis (Alcohol, Medications),
Budd-Chiari syndrome Biliary ... cholecystitis, Acute cholangitis ... "ascending cholangitis ... "biliary colic") ... differential #diagnosis #causes
ACUTE CHOLANGITIS
Legend says that Cholangitis was first defined in 1877 by Jean-Martin Charcot, at which time
ACUTE CHOLANGITIS ... the obstructed bile ... cholē” meaning bile ... infection of the biliary ... individuals with biliary
Gallstone Diseases
1. Asymptomatic Stones 75%
2. Biliary Pain 20%
3. Acute Cholecystitis 10%
4. Mirizzi's Syndrome < 0.1%
5. Cholangitis/
Biliary Pain 20% ... Cholangitis/ Pancreatitis ... differential #diagnosis #causes