10 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Acute tubular injury ... Non-glomerular bleeding ... - Up to 3 per high-power ... acute tubular injury ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... 80-100 fL) • Bleeding ... Renal Disease, Liver ... Chronic Infection) High ... #Anemia #MCV #Classification
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... Immune mediated injury ... of Glomerular Bleeding ... Exercise induced bleeding ... #urology #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... 0.8 Normal + High ... of High Anion Gap ... sedation, narcotics, CVA ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
mental status • CV ... depressed) • Renal ... areas, back of thigh ... #criticalcare #differential ... #causes #classification
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
mental status • CV ... depressed) • Renal ... areas, back of thigh ... #criticalcare #differential ... #causes #classification
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) - ICU One Pager Summary
Indications (AIEOU):
 • A: Acidosis (usually severe metabolic)
Renal Replacement ... pericarditis, bleeding ... Dialyzer is rigid case ... High clearance achieved ... RRT #managment #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #High ... #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes